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Celebration  of  the  Two  Hundred 
and  Thirtieth  Anniversary 

of  the  landing  of 

William  Penn  in  Pennsylvania 

held  at  the 

WASHINGTON  HOUSE 

Chester,  Pa. 

SATURDAY,   OCTOBER  26th,   1912 

by  the 

COLONIAL  SOCIETY  OF  PENNSYLVANIA 

in  association  with 

THE  SWEDISH  COLONIAL  SOCIETY 


Published  by  the 
Colonial  Society  op  Pennsylvania 
1912. 


^1l^ 


.C!5 


Printed  by 
Chester  Times 


EXERCISES, 


At  a  special  meeting  of  the  Council  of  the  Colonial 
Society  of  Pennsylvania,  held  in  the  building  of  the  His- 
torical Society  of  Pennsylvania,  Thirteenth  and  Locust 
Streets,  Philadelphia,  on  the  afternoon  of  Wednesday, 
September  25,  1912,  the  subject  of  the  observance  of  the 
Two  Hundred  and  Thirtieth  Anniversary  of  the  landing  of 
William  Penn  in  Pennsylvania,  was  discussed  at  length,  it 
being  a  custom  of  the  Society  to  recognize  annually  that 
anniversary  by  a  gathering  of  its  members  in  commem- 
oration of  that  momentous  event  in  the  history  of  this 
Province  and  Commonwealth.  It  chanced  that  the  precise 
date,  October  28,  fell  this  year — 1912 — on  Monday;  and 
after  a  thorough  discussion,  it  was  decided  that  the  func- 
tion should  be  arranged  for  the  afternoon  of  Saturday, 
the  26th,  since  that  would  most  likely  insure  a  large  at- 
tendance of  the  members  at  the  exercises.  It  was  also 
determined  that  the  meeting  should  be  held  at  the  old 
Colonial  Inn,  now  the  Washington  House,  in  Chester,  lo- 
cated only  a  short  distance  from  the  actual  spot  where 
William  Penn  landed,  two  hundred  and  thirty  years  ago.  To 
make  all  arrangements  for  the  observances  of  the  day, 
a  committee  comprising  Harold  Edgar  Gillingham,  Henry 
Heston  Belknap  and  Henry  Graham  Ashmead  was  ap- 
pointed, clothed  with  full  power  to  act. 

The  twenty-sixth  of  October  proved  to  be  a  delightful 
Autumn  day.  A  large  number  of  the  Colonial  Society  of 
Pennsylvania  members,  as  well  as  those  of  the  Swedish 
Colonial  Society,  who  had  been  invited  to  participate  in  the 
ceremonial  observances  of  Penn's  Landing,  gathered  in  the 
Washington  House,  comprising  a  representative  body  whose 
proceedings  on  that  occasion  will  enter  into  and  find  a 
prominent  place  in  the  annals  of  Chester.  The  ancient 
hostelry  was  tastefully  decorated  with  the  red  and  white 
colors  of  the  Colonial  Society  of  Pennsylvania  and  with  the 
blue  and  gold  colors  of  the  Swedish  Colonial  Society.  The 
room  in  which  Washington  wrote  his  report  of  the  Battle 
of  Brandywine,  where  the  guests  gathered,  presented  the 
same  color  scheme,  with  "Old  Glory"  here  and  there  ap- 


264231 


propriately  displayed.  The  dining  room,  similarly  decor- 
ated, was  divided  by  four  tables  running  lengthwise  of 
the  apartment,  with  a  table  at  the  head,  at  which,  during 
the  ex^cises,  sat  Hon.  Davis  Page,  President  of  the  Colonial 
Society,  with  Hon.  William  Ward,  Jr.,  Mayor  of  Chester, 
at  his  right,  and  Garnett  Pendleton,  Esq.,  at  his  left.  Hon. 
William  Cameron  Sproul,  State  Senator  from  Delaware 
County,  and  Brigadier-General  Davis,  United  States  Army, 
retired,  a  descendant  of  John  Morton,  the  signer  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence,  who  had  come  from  Syracuse, 
New  York,  to  attend  the  exercises,  were  among  others  who 
were  given  places  at  this  table. 

In  addition  to  the  large  number  of  members  of  the 
Swedish  Colonial  Society  who  are  also  members  of  the 
Colonial  Society  of  Pennsylvania,  the  following  members  of 
the  former  Society  were  present  on  this  occasion  by 
invitation:  Brigadier-General  Charles  L.  Davis,  U.  S.  A., 
(Retired) ,  Count  Adam  de  Trampe,  Hon.  William  C.  Sproul, 
Hon.  William  B.  Broomall,  Col.  Charles  A.  Converse,  Col. 
Frank  G.  Sweeney,  Captain  Alfred  J.  Erikson,  Hon.  David 
M.  Johnson,  Howard  Edwards,  Douglas  R.  Faith,  Samuel 
Garrett,  LeRoy  Harvey,  Harold  Perot  Keen,  Edward  W. 
Keene,  Charles  P.  Keith,  Josiah  Marvel,  Levi  Mattson,  Henry 
D.  Paxson,  Dr.  Francis  J.  Roth,  Ewing  Stille  and  Isaac  C. 
Paxson,  Dr.  Francis  J.  Roth,  Ewing  Stille  and  Isaac  C. 
Yocum,  Hiram  Hathaway,  Sr.,  John  B.  Hannum,  Sr.,  guests 
of  Hiram  Hathaway,  Jr.,  Dr.  Frank  E.  Johnson,  James 
Hanna,  guests  of  Dr.  John  Welsh  Croskey,  and  William  A. 
Irving,  guest  of  Col.  T.  Edward  Clyde. 
The  menu  served  comprised: 

Celery  Olives  Almonds 

Martini  Cocktail 

Oyster  Cocktail 

Cream  of  Tomato 

Baked  Blue  Fish  En  Malelotte 

Roast  Filet  of  Beef 

Stuffed  Peppers  Potatoes  Rissole 

Lettuce  and  Tomatoes 

Roquefort  Cheese  Dressing 

Neapolitan  Ice  Cream 

Fancy  Cakes  Coffee  Cigars 


•  •   *  »  , 


9 

The  menu  was  printed  on  the  central  pages  of  a  booklet, 
whose  cover  displayed  the  colors  of  the  Colonial  Society  of 
Pennsylvania  and  those  of  the  Swedish  Colonial  Society — 
in  which  was  told  the  following: 

STORY  OF  THE  WASHINGTON  HOTEL. 

While  the  claim  that  the  Washington  House,  in  Chester, 
Pennsylvania,  is  the  oldest  hostelry  in  actual  duration,  in 
the  original  thirteen  colonies  is  not  advanced  in  this  sketch 
as  a  well  established  historical  fact,  certain  it  is  that  it  takes 
rank  well  to  the  fore  as  one  of  the  most  ancient  public 
houses  in  the  United  States.  Built  in  1747,  in  the  one  hun- 
dred and  sixty-five  years  that  are  included  within  its  story, 
it  has  never  been  put  to  other  uses  than  an  inn  or  tavern — 
for  the  descriptive  word  "  hotel "  is  of  comparatively  mod- 
ern application  to  buildings  used  as  public  houses  for  the 
entertainment  of  the  traveling  public.  When  Aubrey  Bevan 
erected  this  building,  George  II  had  for  almost  twenty 
years  ruled  England  and  her  dependencies;  less  than  two 
years  before  Culloden  had  seen  the  cause  of  the  House  of 
Stuart  sink  in  hopeless  defeat;  Robert  Morris,  the  financier 
of  the  Revolution  was  a  mere  lad  of  twelve;  Washington, 
a  youth  of  fifteen,  still  attending  school;  John  Morton,  the 
signer,  was  a  stripling  of  twenty ;  Wayne,  "  Mad  Anthony," 
the  Prince  Rupert  of  the  Revolution,  was  a  prattling  infant 
of  less  than  two;  Benjamin  Rush,  the  Father  of  American 
Medicine  and  a  signer  of  the  Declaration,  was  a  babe  in 
long  dresses,  and  twenty-two  years  had  yet  to  come  and 
go  before  the  birth  of  Napoleon  the  Great. 

The  plot  of  ground  upon  which  the  "  Pennsylvania 
Arms  "  was  erected  was  originally  part  of  the  grant  of  land 
by  the  Swedish  Crown  to  Joran  Kyn  (George  Keen)  and 
on  March  31,  1686,  was  patented  by  Penn's  Commissioner 
to  James  Sandelands,  the  son-in-law  of  Keen.  At  his  death 
the  property  descended  to  his  second  son,  Jonas  Sandelands, 
who  in  1720  sold  it  to  John  Wright.  The  latter  is  distin- 
guished in  our  State  annals  as  the  founder  of  Lancaster 
County.  Wright  in  1727  conveyed  the  land  to  William 
Pennell,  who  in  turn  sold  it  to  James  Trigo.  In  the  parti- 
tion of  the  latter's  estate,  the  tract  was  allotted  to  James 


lO 

Trigo,  his  son,  who  early  in  1746  conveyed  it  to  Aubrey 
Bevan,  to  whom  reference  has  already  been  made.  During 
the  French  War  in  1747,  the  company  commanded  by 
Captain  Shannon,  which  had  been  recruited  in  New  Castle 
and  Chester  Counties,  was  cantoned  in  Chester,  and  part 
of  the  company  was  quartered  for  a  brief  period  at  the 
Pennsylvania  Arms,  the  cost  of  which  the  county  had  to 
pay.  Aubrey  Bevan  died  in  1761  and  by  will  he  devised 
the  tavern  and  curtilage  to  his  daughter  Mary,  who  had 
intermarried  with  William  Forbes.  Forbes  was  the  landlord 
of  the  inn  on  November  7,  1764,  the  day  Benjamin  Franklin 
came  to  Chester  where  he  was  to  embark  for  England, 
whither  he  went  as  the  Commissioner  of  Pennsylvania  and 
Massachusetts  to  present  to  George  III  the  grievances  of 
these  colonies.  On  that  occasion  Franklin  was  accompanied 
from  Philadelphia  by  a  cavalcade  of  more  than  three  hun- 
dred men  of  affairs  in  that  city.  The  London  packet,  as 
was  then  not  unusual,  was  to  receive  its  distinguished 
passenger  at  this  place  and  the  leading  men  of  the  city  and 
Province  had  accompanied  the  then  greatest  man  in  all 
the  Colonies  thus  far,  to  wish  him  "  God  speed "  in  his 
voyage  and  mission.  The  '*  Pennsylvania  Arms,"  as  the 
Washington  House  was  then  named,  was  crowded  with  the 
friends  of  "  Poor  Richard,"  and  until  the  bustling  scenes  of 
the  Revolution  came  to  obliterate  its  impress,  the  day  when 
Franklin  boarded  the  London  packet  at  Chester  was  a  theme 
for  reference  and  remembrance. 

Another  incident  connected  with  the  old  hostelry  is  not 
without  interest,  particularly  to  the  bench  and  bar  of  Phila- 
delphia. On  August  15,  1768,  the  Supreme  Provincial 
Court  was  in  session  in  the  old  building  just  across  Market 
Street.  Chief  Justice  William  Allen  (for  whom  Allentown 
is  named  and  later  attainted  of  treason)  and  his  associates, 
Thomas  Willing  (who  as  a  member  of  the  Continental  Con- 
gress voted  against  the  adoption  of  the  Declaration  of 
Independence)  and  John  Lawrence,  a  lawyer  of  prominence, 
presided  at  the  trial  of  John  Dowdle  and  Thomas  Vaughn, 
who  were  indicted  for  the  murder  of  Thomas  Shay,  in  the 
preceding  March.  It  chanced  that  day  a  tall  gangling  lad 
of  seventeen,  attired  in  the  smock  frock  which  farmers  and 
field  hands  then  wore,  had  brought  a  load  of  hay  from 


II 

Edgmont  township  to  deliver  to  William  Forbes,  at  the 
"  Pennsylvania  Arms."  When  the  stripling  had  unloaded 
the  wagon  he  strolled  across  the  street  and  timidly  glanced 
in  at  one  of  the  windows.  Benjamin  Chew,  the  Attorney- 
General,  was  haranguing  the  jury.  The  awkward  lad 
listened  with  awe-struck  attention  and  at  last  inquired 
from  a  bystander  whether  he  could  enter  the  court  room. 
He  was  told  it  was  open  to  everyone,  whereupon  he  shame- 
facedly entered  and  took  a  seat  near  the  door.  Enrapt, 
he  lingered  until  the  case  was  ended,  the  men  convicted 
and  the  sentence  of  death  imposed.  Next  morning  at  break- 
fast, for  he  did  not  reach  home  until  a  late  hour  of  the 
night,  amid  the  laughter  of  the  family  he  announced  that 
he  was  determined  to  be  a  lawyer  and  sway  juries.  He 
did  both,  for  fifteen  years  later  William  Lewis  was  a  leader 
of  the  Philadelphia  bar,  all  due,  he  believed,  to  his  visit 
and  delivery  of  the  load  of  hay  to  Mine  Host  Forbes  at  the 
"  Pennsylvania  Arms." 

April  1,  1772,  Forbes  sold  the  tavern  to  William  Kerlin. 
The  troublesome  times  at  the  eve  of  the  Revolution  were 
at  hand.  Kerlin,  a  wealthy  man  for  that  day,  was  an  ardent 
Whig,  and  his  house  during  all  the  war  was  a  designated 
post  for  the  reception  and  dispatching  of  intelligence  for 
the  patriots.  On  Christmas,  Saturday,  1774,  Richard  Riley, 
whose  dwelling  on  the  water  front  at  Marcus  Hook  was 
also  a  post,  sent  word  to  Kerlin  that  the  tea  ship  "  Polly," 
Captain  Ayre,  was  following  another  ship  up  the  Delaware, 
for  no  pilot  in  the  then  heated  condition  of  the  public  mind 
dare  venture  to  bring  the  "  Polly "  up  the  river.  The 
peculiar  dark  patches  in  her  sails  disclosed  her  identity. 
From  the  ''  Pennsylvania  Arms "  Kerlin  dispatched  two 
express  riders  on  fleet  horses  to  Philadelphia  to  notify  the 
committee  that  the  long-expected  vessel  was  on  her  way  to 
that  port.  It  was  late  in  the  evening  of  Wednesday,  July 
3,  1776,  when  a  mud-bespattered  horse  and  rider  stopped 
at  the  "  Pennsylvania  Arms  "  and  a  tall  man  with  a  green 
patch  over  his  right  eye  to  conceal  a  cancer,  alighted.  It  was 
Caesar  Rodney  who  was  making  his  noted  ride  of  eighty  odd 
miles  to  cast  his  vote  for  the  Declaration  of  Independence. 
The  day  had  been  one  of  sweltering  heat;  in  the  afternoon 
a  heavy  thunder  storm  had  visited  Delaware,  but  Rodney, 


12 

the  delegate,  had  never  slackened  rein,  but  urged  the  high- 
mettled  roan  mare  he  rode  through  the  deluge  of  falling 
water,  covering  himself  and  his  horse  with  mud.  Here 
Rodney  r^reshed  himself,  and  baited  his  roan  pacer.  The 
night  was  well  advanced  for  those  days,  when  people  retired 
early,  before  he  resumed  his  ride  to  Philadelphia,  where 
what  he  did  the  next  day,  July  4,  1776,  is  part  of  the  history 
of  this  nation. 

It  was  the  evening  of  August  24,  1777,  a  sultry  Sabbath 
day,  when  the  American  Army,  sixteen  thousand  strong, 
on  its  southward  march  to  meet  General  Howe,  encamped  in 
and  around  Chester.  The  hillsides  were  illuminated  with 
their  campfires.  That  night  Washington  established  his 
headquarters  at  the  "  Pennsylvania  Arms,"  while  Lafayette 
was  entertained  at  the  house  of  Caleb  Coupland,  an  old 
dwelling  which  until  recently  adjoined  the  "  White  Swan  " 
Inn,  at  Fourth  and  Market  Streets,  to  the  south.  Eighteen 
days  later,  Tuesday,  September  11,  1777,  the  same  army, 
defeated  that  day  at  Brandywine,  from  early  eve  until  long 
after  midnight  straggled  into  Chester  and  assembled  to 
the  east  of  Ridley  Creek,  extending  along  the  old  Queen's 
highway  up  and  beyond  what  is  now  known  as  Leiperville. 
Washington,  as  before,  made  his  headquarters  at  the 
"  Pennsylvania  Arms,"  where,  at  midnight,  in  the  east  room 
in  the  second  story  of  the  old  hostelry,  he  wrote  the  only 
report  of  that  battle  he  ever  made  to  Congress.  The  ancient 
mahogany  chairs  which  were  part  of  the  furniture  of  the 
room  that  night  and  at  other  times  when  he  was  a  guest, 
are  still  preserved  among  the  descendants  of  William  Kerlin. 

Sixty-eight  days  later  Tuesday,  November  18,  1777, 
the  "  Pennsylvania  Arms  "  presented  a  scene  of  unwonted 
activity.  The  day  was  cool  and  raw.  Lord  Cornwallis  that 
morning,  with  three  thousand  troops,  comprising  the  Fifth, 
Fifteenth,  Seventeenth,  Thirty-third  and  Fifty-sixth  Regi- 
ments, as  well  as  a  battalion  of  Hessians  and  Light  Infantry, 
together  with  twelve  pieces  of  artillery,  several  howitzers 
and  a  train  of  baggage,  had  marched  from  Philadelphia, 
which  he  had  left  the  day  before.  His  design  was  to  cross 
the  river  at  this  point  and  reduce  Billingport,  N.  J.,  in  which 
he  succeeded.  Major  John  Clark,  of  General  Green's  staff, 
(who  had  been  assigned  by  Washington  on  secret  service. 


13 

without  the  knowledge  of  Green,  and  who  reported  Clark  to 
the  Commander-in-chief  as  a  deserter) ,  stood  on  the  second- 
story  porch  of  the  "  Plow  and  Harrow,"  the  tavern  kept  by 
Mary  Withy,  then  standing  where  is  now  the  Cambridge 
Trust  Company's  building,  watching  the  movements  of  the 
troops. 

Cornwallis  made  his  headquarters  at  the  '*  Pennsyl- 
vania Arms,"  where,  surrounded  by  his  brilliant  staff,  he 
was  the  observed  of  all  observers.  The  grandfather  of  the 
writer,  then  a  young  man  of  nineteen,  remembered  the 
bustling  scene  which  in  advanced  years  he  would  describe 
to  his  children.  Cornwallis,  then  in  his  thirty-ninth  year, 
as  grandfather  remembered  him,  was  short  and  stocky  in 
figure,  his  prematurely  gray  hair,  unpowdered,  was  worn 
in  a  queue,  his  features  were  regular,  but  he  suffered  from 
an  affection  of  his  left  eyelid,  which  caused  it  to  blink  in- 
cessantly, detracting  somewhat  from  his  appearance.  He 
was  excessively  nervous  and  his  habit  of  raising  his  hand 
to  change  the  position  of  his  hat  every  few  minutes,  was 
very  noticeable  that  day.  Major  Campbell,  "  handsome  Mad 
Archey,"  of  his  staff,  was  in  excellent  humor,  as  he  always 
was  when  battle  was  in  the  air.  His  bearing  that  day  was 
as  reckless  as  it  was  three  years  later,  when  by  a  threat 
to  kill  the  lady,  the  clergyman  and  himself,  he  compelled 
Rev.  Edward  Ellington,  rector  of  the  little  English  church 
at  Goose  Creek,  South  Carolina,  to  perform  the  marriage 
ceremony  between  the  lovely  Pauline  Phelps,  of  Charleston, 
and  himself,  an  incident  which  has  furnished  a  chapter  or 
two  for  William  Gilmore  Simms'  novel  "  Katharine  Walton." 

It  required  nearly  eight  hours  for  the  troops  to  be 
transported  from  Chester  to  the  New  Jersey  shore.  The 
eighty  British  men-of-war  and  transports  lying  off  this 
place  furnishing  the  boats  for  the  troops,  while  floats  in  tow 
of  launches  from  the  vessels,  carried  the  horses,  artillery 
and  baggage  wagons.  Cornwallis  and  his  staff  were  among 
the  last  to  embark,  hence  for  half  a  day  the  "  Pennsylvania 
Arms "  was  absolutely  in  control  of  the  ablest  British 
soldier  entrusted  with  the  command  of  an  army  in  all  our 
war  for  Independence.  Some  of  the  overzealous  Whigs  later 
charged  Kerlin  with  disloyalty  because,  as  they  alleged, 
that  day  he  had  furnished  food  supplies  to  the  soldiers  and 


14 

sailors  of  the  enemy.     But  nothing  further  came  of  this 

complaint. 

It  was  at  this  hostelry  that  Washington,  on  Wednesday, 
September  5,  1781,  while  hastening  with  the  Continental 
forces  and  the  French  auxiliary  to  Yorktown,  "  received  the 
agreeable  news  of  the  safe  arrival  of  the  Count  de  Grasse 
in  the  Bay  of  Chesapeake  with  28  sail  of  the  line 
and  four  frigates,  with  3000  land  Troops,  which  were 
to  be  immediately  debarked  at  Jamestown  and  form 
a  juncture  with  the  American  Army  under  the  com- 
mand of  the  Marquis  de  la  Fayett."  Cyrus  Townsend  Brady 
in  his  "  American  Fights  and  Fighters "  in  the  article 
"  Yorktown,"  (page  150)  says  that  "  Washington  was  so  de- 
lighted with  the  news  that  he  rode  back  to  Philadelphia 
and  informed  Congress  and  Rochambeau."  That  Washing- 
ton sent  an  express  from  Chester  informing  Congress  and 
the  French  general  of  the  great  news  he  had  received 
agrees  with  the  tradition  of  the  event  in  the  Kerlin  family, 
but  that  he  rode  personally  to  Philadelphia  is  open  to  grave 
question,  inasmuch  that  the  following  day  he  wrote  from 
the  Head  of  Elk,  Maryland,  to  Count  de  Grasse,  acknowledg- 
ing the  receipt  of  "Your  Excellency's  favor  of  the  2d 
instant,  and  do  myself  the  pleasure  to  felicitate  you  on  the 
happy  arrival  of  so  formidable  a  fleet  of  his  Most  Christian 
Majesty  in  the  Bay  of  Chesapeake  under  your  Excellency's 
command." 

The  war  cloud  having  passed,  the  citizens  of  remote 
parts  of  Chester  County  renewed  their  efforts  to  remove 
the  County  Seat  to  a  more  central  location,  and  during  that 
agitation,  Joseph  Hickman,  an  ardent  removalist,  penned  a 
doggerel  ballad  entitled,  "  Lament  Over  Chester's  Mother," 
in  which  Kerlin  is  thus  referred  to : 

"  And  then  poor  helpless  Billy  cries — 

*0h,  how  shall  I  be  fed? 
What  shall  I  do  if  Mamma  dies  ? 

I  cannot  work  for  bread. 

*  These  little  hands  have  never  wrought, 

Oh,  how  I  am  oppressed! 
For  I  have  never  yet  done  aught. 

But  hang  on  Mamma's  breast.'  " 


15 

On  Monday,  April  20,  1789,  Washington,  then  on  his 
way  to  New  York  to  be  inaugurated  the  first  President  of 
the  United  States,  reached  Chester  at  7  o'clock  in  the  morn- 
ing. He  was  accompanied  by  General  Thomas  Mifflin,  Gov- 
ernor of  Pennsylvania;  Judge  Richard  Peters,  the  Speaker 
of  the  Assembly,  and  First  Troop  of  Philadelphia  as  a  guard 
of  honor,  who  had  met  the  President-elect  at  Naaman's 
Creek,  the  State  line,  whither  he  had  been  escorted  by  the 
authorities  of  Delaware.  Washington  traveled  to  Chester 
in  a  coach  and  four,  attended  by  Col.  David  Humphreys,  his 
aide,  and  Charles  Thomson,  "  the  perpetual  secretary  of 
Congress,"  who  had  been  dispatched  to  Mount  Vernon  to 
oflficially  notify  the  General  of  his  election  to  the  Presidency. 
Thomson  was  well  known  in  Chester,  his  first  wife,  Mary, 
being  the  daughter  of  John  Mather,  a  noted  resident  of 
the  town  in  the  eighteenth  century.  The  inhabitants  of 
this  place  flocked  to  the  inn  as  the  distinguished  guests 
alighted  at  the  "  Washington  House,"  for  Kerlin  had 
changed  the  name  of  the  tavern  to  the  one  it  has  now  borne 
for  one  hundred  and  thirty  years.  All  the  urchins  gazed 
with  admiration  as  the  troops  rode  into  the  yard  of  the 
inn;  the  jingling  of  swords,  the  champing  of  the  bits  by 
the  horses,  the  showy  uniforms  of  the  men,  and  the  blare 
of  the  trumpet,  combined  to  produce  a  picture  in  the 
memory  of  the  onlookers  that  was  never  effaced.  After 
Washington  had  broken  fast,  the  leading  citizens  of  the 
town  assembled  in  the  travelers'  waiting  room,  now  the 
bar  room,  where  Washington  hearkened  to  the  address  of 
welcome  delivered  by  Dr.  William  Martin,  then  Chief  Bur- 
gess of  Chester.  His  speech,  which  has  been  preserved,  is 
as  follows : 

"  To  His  Excellency,  George  Washington,  Esq., 
President  of  the  United  States : 

*'Sir:  The  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Chester,  im- 
pressed with  the  liveliest  sentiments  of  esteem  and 
veneration  for  your  Excellency's  character,  congratulate 
themselves  upon  this  opportunity  being  afforded  them  to 
pay  their  respects  to,  and  assure  you  of  unfeigned  joy  that 
swells  their  bosoms,  while  they  reflect  that  the  united 
voices  of  millions  have  again  called  you  from  the  bosom  of 


i6 

domestic  retirement  to  be  once  more  the  public  guardian 
of  the  liberty,  happiness  and  prosperity  of  the  United 
America.  From  this  event  they  entertain  the  most  pleasing 
expecta[<;ions  of  the  future  greatness  of  the  Western  world ; 
indeed  they  cannot  but  observe  to  your  Excellency  that  the 
torpid  resources  of  our  country  already  discover  signs  of 
life  and  motion,  from  the  adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitu- 
tion. Accept,  sir,  our  fervent  wishes  for  your  welfare — 
may  you  be  happy;  may  a  life  spent  in  usefulness  be 
crowned  with  a  serene  old  age ;  and  may  your  future  reward 
be  a  habitation  not  built  with  hands,  eternal  in  the 
heavens." 

Washington  made  a  brief  and  unostentatious  response, 
after  which  a  number  of  the  then  prominent  residents  were 
presented  to  the  President-elect.  A  delegation  from  Darb}' 
followed  in  a  formal  presentation  of  a  beautiful  white  steed, 
which  Washington  accepted  and  rode  during  the  rest  of  his 
journey  to  New  York,  and  during  much  of  the  exercises  in 
that  city. 

William  Kerlin  did  not  remain  mine  host  of  the  Wash- 
ington House  until  his  death,  for  his  will,  proved  April  29, 
1805,  in  his  devise  of  "  the  tavern  house  "  to  his  daughter, 
Sarah  Piper,  he  states  it  was  then  "  in  the  tenure  of  Isaac 
Tucker,"  of  whom  I  have  no  definite  knowledge.  Sarah 
Piper,  or  Sarah  Odenheimer,  for  she  was  a  blooming  widow, 
noted  for  her  figure  and  expert  horsemanship,  when  Joseph 
Piper  first  met  her  was  riding,  so  that  he  saw  her  at  her 
best.  The  chanced  visitor  to  Chester,  for  he  was  then  em- 
ployed in  the  Custom  House  of  the  Port  of  Philadelphia, 
was  presented  to  the  attractive  woman.  He  wooed  and  won 
the  dashing  Widow  Odenheimer.  When  the  lease  to  Issac 
Tucker  expired,  Joseph  Piper  resigned  from  the  Custom 
service  and  assumed  direction  of  the  Washington  House. 
Mine  Host  Piper  was  accorded  the  title  of  Major,  and  the 
family  tradition  states  that  he  had  been  an  ofldcer  in  the 
War  of  the  Revolution,  but  as  he  was  a  child  of  less  than 
ten  years  when  that  struggle  ended,  if  he  won  that  title  by 
service,  he  must  have  been  in  the  Whisky  Insurrection.  He 
died  in  1829  and  for  nearly  four  years  his  widow  carried 
on  the  business,  until  1833,  when  she  leased  the  tavern  to 
Evan  S.  Way,  who  for  one  year  had  kept  the  Providence 


17 

Inn  in  Nether  Providence  township.  Way  was  a  politician 
and  while  conducting  the  Washington  House  was  nominated 
and  elected  Sheriff  of  Delaware  County.  He  succeeded 
Major  Samuel  A.  Price  in  that  office.  A  peculiar  incident 
was  that  Major  Price  succeeded  Way  as  landlord  of  the 
hostelry  in  Chester  in  1837.  The  latter  had  conducted  a 
hat  manufactory  in  this  city,  was  an  influential  and  genial 
gentleman,  and  in  early  life  was  reputed  to  be  a  strikingly 
handsome  man.  In  1840,  after  William  Henry  Harrison  had 
received  the  Whig  nomination  for  the  Presidency,  the  old 
general,  accompanied  by  a  number  of  gentlemen  from  New 
York,  in  returning  from  Washington,  stopped  to  dine  at  the 
Washington  House,  and  while  here  received  the  congratula- 
tions of  our  citizens.  After  dinner  had  been  served,  the 
cloth  was  drawn,  wine,  as  was  usual  on  such  occasions, 
was  placed  on  the  table,  and  several  toasts  were  drunk.  It 
was  observed  that  Harrison  drank  only  water,  and  being 
thereupon  urged  to  take  wine,  he  arose  and  said :  "  Gentle- 
men, I  have  refused  twice  to  partake  of  the  wine  cup,  that 
should  have  been  sufficient;  though  you  press  the  cup  to 
my  lips  not  a  drop  shall  pass  the  portals.  I  made  a  resolve 
when  I  started  in  life  that  I  would  avoid  strong  drink,  and 
I  have  never  broken  it.  I  am  one  of  a  class  of  seven tue.i 
young  men  who  graduated,  and  the  other  sixteen  fill  drunk- 
ards' graves,  all  through  the  habit  of  social  wine  drinking. 
I  owe  all  my  health,  happiness  and  prosperity  to  that  reso- 
lution.   Will  you  urge  me  now?" 

This  incident  and  the  remarks  made  by  "  Old  Tippe- 
canoe "  were  related  by  one  of  the  gentlemen  present  on 
that  occasion  nearly  forty  years  thereafter,  hence  the 
language  used  by  Harrison  at  this  dinner  at  the  Washington 
House  may  not  be  strictly  accurate  in  words,  but  the 
substance  of  what  he  then  said  is  doubtless  correctly 
rendered. 

Sarah  Piper,  in  her  will  probated  September  13,  1841, 
directed  that  **  the  tavern  house  and  thereto  belonging,  be 
sold  within  one  year  after  my  decease."  In  compliance  with 
that  provision,  although  a  longer  time  than  one  year  did 
intervene,  her  executors  sold,  April  2,  1844,  the  premises 
to  Henry  L.  Powell,  an  ardent  temperance  advocate,  who 
declared  that  at  the  Washington  House  no  intoxicating 


i8 

liquors  should  thereafter  be  sold  to  its  patrons.  On  October 
11,  of  the  same  year  Powell  conveyed  the  property  to 
Edwai^  E.  Flavin,  who  was  also  active  in  the  cause  of  tem- 
perance in  Delaware  County.  Samuel  West,  an  earnest 
temperance  advocate,  engaged  Edward  Hicks,  a  Quaker 
artist,  to  paint  a  swinging  sign — one  side  delineating  The 
Landing  of  Penn  at  Chester  and  the  other  Penn's  Treaty  ( ?) 
with  the  Indians  at  Shackamaxon,  which  when  completed, 
West  presented  to  Flavill.  The  sign  was  first  hung  in  jaws 
which  crowned  a  high  pole  planted  near  the  curb  at  the 
driveway  to  the  stables  in  the  courtyard.  Early  in  June, 
1845,  the  sign  was  put  in  place  with  imposing  ceremonies. 
It  was  Saturday  afternoon  and  temperance  lodges  from 
many  of  the  townships  in  the  county  were  present  in  regalia, 
with  banners,  and  in  some  instances  accompanied  by  bands 
of  music.  Rev.  Anson  B.  Hard,  Associate  Rector  of  St. 
Paul's,  and  Rev.  Isaac  R.  Merrill,  pastor  of  the  Methodist 
Church,  conducted  the  religious  exercises,  while  the  oration 
was  delivered  by  John  Wayne  Ashmead,  my  father.  Mr. 
Band  recently  has  had  the  old  sign  hung  from  the  second 
story  of  the  porch  on  Market  street,  so  that  each  side  can 
be  seen  by  persons  in  the  street. 

The  experiment  of  conducting  the  house  on  strictly 
temperance  principles  proved  an  unprofitable  venture  and 
Flaville  at  length  disposed  of  the  property  January  1,  1849, 
to  Thomas  Clyde,  who  had  formerly  conducted  an  extensive 
general  store  in  Chester  and  was  largely  interested  in  quar- 
ries on  Ridley  Creek.  During  the  panic  of  1837  he  lost 
heavily  by  the  failures  of  contractors,  who  were  carried 
down  in  the  slump  in  business  and  values  that  followed. 
For  nine  years  Mr.  Clyde  continued  to  be  landlord  of  the 
Washington  House,  but  as  he  insisted  in  continuing  it  as 
a  temperance  inn,  it  was  conducted  with  but  little  financial 
success.  His  namesake  and  nephew,  the  late  Thomas  Clyde, 
of  steamship  fame,  a  child  of  seven,  on  the  death  of  his 
parents  in  Ireland,  was  sent  over  to  the  United  States,  and 
was  an  inmate  of  his  uncle's  household  in  Chester  until  he 
attained  his  majority.  In  April,  1856,  Thomas  Clyde  sold 
the  property  to  his  son-in-law,  John  G.  Dyer,  who  had  been 
an  Inspector  of  the  Customs  at  the  Lazaretto,  and  later 
interested  in  manufacturing.     A  man  of  pleasing  address 


19 

and  an  attractive  conversationalist,  Mr.  Dyer,  who  had  re- 
ceived license  for  the  ancient  hostelry,  soon  re-established 
the  Washington  House  as  one  of  the  most  popular  public 
houses  in  the  county.  In  1868  he  conveyed  the  premises 
to  his  son.  Col.  Samuel  A.  Dyer.  The  latter  was  a  man 
of  unusual  business  ability  and  forethought,  and  one  to 
whose  liberality  the  City  of  Chester  owes  much  for  its 
present  prosperity.  In  after  life  he  became  a  banker,  was 
the  founder  of  the  Chester  National  Bank,  of  which  for 
a  number  of  years  he  was  president.  To  his  enterprise 
and  energy  the  City  is  indebted  for  its  present  street 
railway  system.  Col.  Dyer,  on  June  1,  1870,  sold  the  Wash- 
ington House  to  Henry  AlDbott,  Jr.,  who  continued  as  its 
landlord  for  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century.  Henry  Abbott 
died  January  16,  1911.  A  clause  in  his  will  attracted  wide- 
spread attention  throughout  this  country  and  was  largely 
copied  by  the  press  of  Great  Britain.  He  had  had  during  all 
his  life  a  horror  of  being  buried  alive,  hence  it  was  to  guard 
against  such  a  contingency  that  he  inserted  the  following 
clause  in  his  will: 

**  It  is  my  desire  that  for  forty  days  after  my  decease 
my  body  shall  be  kept  in  a  vault  with  the  lid  of  the  coffin 
unfastened,  and  be  visited  daily  during  that  period,  and 
subsequently  be  interred  in  my  burial  lot  in  the  grave  where 
my  wife,  Margaret  J.  Abbott,  is  buried  in  Chester  Rural 
Cemetery.  If  my  body  be  interred  before  this  my  desire  is 
known,  I  direct  that  it  be  immediately  disinterred  and  these 
provisions  fully  carried  out." 

The  obligations  imposed  by  the  will  were  faithfully 
carried  out  by  the  executor,  but  it  was  a  revolting  duty  to 
the  official,  who  daily  visited  the  tomb  to  watch  the  slow 
process  of  dust  returning  to  dust. 

On  January  22,  1895,  Henry  Abbott  sold  the  Wash- 
ington House  to  Charles  E.  Morris.  On  Saturday  afternoon, 
April  19,  1902 — the  hundred  and  twenty-seventh  anniver- 
sary of  the  Battle  of  Lexington — the  Delaware  County 
Chapter  of  the  Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution,  with 
appropriate  ceremonies  unveiled  a  bronze  tablet,  which  had 
been  placed  in  the  wall  on  the  right  side  of  the  main  en- 
trance to  the  Washington  House,  whereon  in  raised  letters 
were  inscribed  several  of  the  noted  historical  incidents 


20 

which  are  associated  with  the  story  of  the  old  hostelry. 
Mine  Host  Morris  had  had  the  building  tastefully  decorated 
for  th^occasion.  Draping  the  door  opening  into  the  room 
in  which  Washington  wrote  the  only  report  he  ever  made 
to  Congress  in  reference  to  the  defeat  at  Brandywine,  were 
two  large  silk  American  flags  which  twenty-six  years  before 
had  been  used  as  part  of  the  decorations  of  the  Roach  Ship- 
yard exhibit  at  the  Centennial  Exposition  in  1876  at  Phila- 
delphia. The  colors  of  the  Daughters  of  the  American 
Revolution  were  everywhere  conspicuous  in  the  apartment 
which  Washington  had  occupied.  Addresses  were  made  by 
Mayor  Howard  H.  Houston,  Henry  Graham  Ashmead  and 
Rev.  Philip  H.  Mowry,  D.D. 

Charles  E.  Morris,  on  January  29,  1910,  conveyed  the 
Washington  House  to  William  Band,  Jr.  Mr.  Band  is 
peculiarly  fitted  to  be  in  control  of  the  old  Colonial  tavern, 
with  its  wealth  of  historic  associations.  He  venerates  its 
glorious  past  while  still  desirous  that  the  Washington  House 
shall  be  equipped  with  all  the  conveniences  of  a  modern 
hotel.  Recognizing  that  age  is  one  thing  which  money 
cannot  buy,  Mr.  Band  has  carefully  preserved  in  all  the 
changes  made  at  the  hotel,  the  dominant  fact  that  the  old 
Washington  House  is  one  of  the  best  examples  of  Colonial 
architecture  existing  to-day  in  these  United  States,  and  has 
historical  associations  clustering  about  it  beyond  that  of 
any  other  public  house  in  all  America. 

HENRY  GRAHAM  ASHMEAD. 

Chester,  Pa.,  October  26,  1912. 

REMARKS  OF  PRESIDENT  PAGE. 

When  the  cigars  were  lighted.  President  S.  Davis  Page 
rapped  for  silence.    Then  he  said: 

"Gentlemen  of  the  Colonial  Societies;  When  I  picked 
up  your  menu  here  and  found  that  I  was  down  for 
*  Remarks,*  I  was  a  good  deal  astonished ;  for,  although  one 
who  has  been  put  in  this  exalted  position  by  your  votes  must 
expect  to  stand  and  deliver  whenever  called  upon,  yet,  upon 
this  occasion,  I  thought  we  came  down  here  for  instruction 
and  entertainment  at  the  hands  of  those  who  are  more 
familiar  with  the  locality,  and  certainly  vastly  better  in- 
formed as  to  its  history  than  I  am.     Since  I  have  been 


21 

sitting  here,  however,  although  but  a  few  minutes,  I  have 
gotten  some  very  interesting  information  on  the  subject 
from  the  distinguished  gentlemen  who  hold  up  my  hands, 
the  one  on  the  right  and  the  other  on  the  left  (alluding  to 
the  Mayor  and  Garnett  Pendleton,  Esq.). 

"  It  occurs  to  me  that  if  that  remarkable  citizen  of  the 
world,  William  Penn,  who  landed  so  near  this  very  spot, 
the  28th  of  October,  two  hundred  and  thirty  years  ago, 
were  here  to-day,  the  changes  wrought  in  that  time  would 
be  bewildering  indeed  to  him.  What  do  you  suppose  would 
be  the  emotions  of  that  man  if  he  could  step  out  from  the 
grave,  or  land  from  that  fabled  boat  that  carried  him  across 
the  Styx — old  Charon  at  the  helm — what  do  you  think 
would  be  his  emotions  if  he  landed  at  this  time  in  the  year 
of  Grace,  1912,  and  looked  at  this  fair  town,  to  which  we 
have  come,  at  the  hospitable  call  of  Mr.  Ashmead  and  others 
of  our  associates  residing  here  ? 

"  You  have  a  town  here  of  40,000  people,  particularly 
noted  for  its  manufacturing  industries.  You  have  on  the 
one  side  the  great  works  of  Baldwin,  enormous  in  their 
potential  production — if  not  in  their  present  realization — 
and  on  the  other  you  have  great  silk  and  other  mills  of 
varied  activities.  When  I  was  told  that  the  silk  they  have 
produced  in  that  silk  mill  is  made  out  of  the  wood  of  the 
mulberry  tree,  without  the  properties  of  the  tree  contained 
in  the  leaf  passing  through  the  silk  worm  at  all,  it  occurred 
to  me  that  perhaps  William  Penn,  were  he  to  come  back 
in  this  day  of  Grace,  would  be  even  more  surprised  at  the 
progresses  and  changes  that  have  been  made  in  the  rela- 
tion of  man  to  man,  in  the  improvements,  in  the  utilities 
and  comforts  of  life,  in  the  development  of  the  power  of 
man  over  the  elements  of  nature,  even  to  harnessing  the 
lightning  of  the  thunderbolt  and  bringing  it  here  for  our 
comfort  and  entertainment,  as  we  see  it  in  the  lights  before 
us,  than  were  the  dwellers  of  Jerusalem  when  they  saw 
the  lame  walk  and  the  dumb  speak  and  the  lepers  cleansed, 
nineteen  hundred  years  ago. 

Altogether,  as  I  get  older,  and  there  are  not  many  here 
who  are  older  than  I,  it  seems  to  me  that  the  longer  you 
live  the  more  astounding  are  the  miracles  that  each  day 
brings  forth;  and  when  I  sometimes  hear  people  talking 


22 

about  the  story  of  the  miracles  in  the  Bible  as  being  per- 
haps too  great  a  tax  on  their  credulity,  I  feel  like  pointing 
to  the  daily  occurrences  that  we  read  of  in  the  papers  as 
really  presenting  miracles  as  astounding  almost  as  those 
which  ^od  Incarnate,  with  a  full  and  complete  knowledge  of 
all  the  powers  of  nature,  and  with  all  of  them  within  the 
grasp  of  His  hand,  was  able  to  and  did  do  here  on  earth. 
Really,  we  are  living  in  a  miraculous  age ;  and,  with  all  that 
we  have  and  know  and  see,  we  can  hardly  realize,  gentle- 
men, what  men  like  Penn  did  230,  250  or  300  years  ago, 
when  they  left  the  centers  of  civilization  and  faced 
the  wilderness  and  the  savagery  beyond  the  seas;  for 
the  good,  not  only  of  themselves,  but  of  mankind,  and 
for  the  human  race.  What  man  of  all  of  them  did  more 
for  the  human  race,  in  respect  to  its  deliverance  from  the 
thraldom  of  religious  intolerance,  and  of  civic  oppression, 
than  this  man  whose  landing  on  these  shores  we  here  and 
now  do  celebrate?  Let  me  say  just  here — I  think  it  was 
a  most  happy  suggestion  that  we  should  come  down  here 
to  Chester  at  this  time,  near  that  sacred  spot.  Our  meet- 
ings, as  you  know,  are  usually  held  at  this  time  of  year 
to  celebrate  this  very  event,  the  Landing  of  William  Penn ; 
and  where  better  could  we  celebrate  it  than  right  here, 
where,  after  stopping  at  New  Castle,  he  made  his  first 
landing?  It  was  a  particularly  happy  suggestion  of  our 
fellow  members  living  here  and  it  has  given  great  pleasure 
and  gratification  to  all  of  us,  and  I  am  sure  I  am  speaking 
on  behalf  of  the  members  of  both  societies,  of  our  own, 
the  Colonial  Society,  and  the  Swedish  Colonial  Society,  of 
which  some  of  us  are  also  members,  enjoying  together 
this  charming  hospitality. 

**  I  congratulate  you  all  that  we  are  here  to-day.  I 
congratulate  you  for  the  kind  Providence  that  has  smiled 
upon  us,  and  who  gave  us  such  a  lovely  day  to  be  here; 
but  particularly  do  I  congratulate  you  that  the  Mayor  of 
the  City  of  Chester  will  address  us  to-day  and  that  my 
friend,  Mr.  Garnett  Pendleton,  will  instruct  us  as  to  the 
associations  connected  with  the  place  and  recall  some  of 
the  men  of  it  and  their  doings  of  long  ago.  I  have  the 
pleasure  of  presenting  to  you  the  Hon.  William  Ward,  Jr., 
Mayor  of  Chester." 


23 

MAYOR  WARD'S  ADDRESS. 

Mr.  Ward,  as  he  arose,  was  welcomed  with  much  clap- 
ping of  hands.    This  having  ceased,  he  said : 

'*  Mr.  President  and  gentlemen  of  the  Colonial  So- 
cieties: The  City  of  Chester  extends  to  you  to-day,  gen- 
tlemen, a-visiting,  a  cordial,  hearty  welcome.  We  are 
always  glad  to  welcome  the  stranger  within  our  gates, 
but  we  are  particularly  honored  this  day  and  extend  a 
most  generous  welcome  to  you,  the  descendants  of  our  early 
settlers  and  pioneers. 

"We  of  the  City  of  Chester  and  the  County  of  Dela- 
ware, claim  prominence  in  the  story  of  this  great  Com- 
monwealth. Within  a  radius  of  five  miles  of  this  city  of 
ours,  all  of  the  history  of  Pennsylvania  was  made  during 
the  first  four  decades  of  our  Colonial  life.  Over  this  par- 
ticular locality  have  floated  as  the  emblem  of  sovereignty, 
the  Swedish  and  Dutch  flags,  the  red-crossed  standard  of 
St.  George,  and  our  own  "  Old  Glory,"  the  best  flag  of  all, 
that  at  the  conclusion  of  every  struggle  in  which  it  has 
engaged,  has  emerged  from  the  smoke  of  battle,  wreathed 
with  victory. 

"  Four  miles  to  the  east  of  where  we  meet  to-day,  in 
what  is  now  the  township  of  Tinicum,  the  first  permanent 
settlement  of  the  white  man,  within  this  State  was  made, 
two  hundred  and  seventy  years  ago. 

"  It  was  at  Tinicum  where  Governor  Printz,  whom 
we  are  told  weighed  near  to  four  hundred  pounds,  and 
had  a  capacity  of  four  quarts  of  strong  liquor  each  day, 
built  and  erected  Fort  Gottenberg. 

"  There  the  Governor  established  his  fort  and  his  col- 
ony and  issued  his  decrees,  and  despite  famine,  misfortune 
and  disease  held  to  his  post  and  sowed  the  seed  from  which 
has  grown  this  glorious  Commonwealth.  He  it  was  who 
first  inaugurated  the  policy  of  conciliation  toward  the  In- 
dians, an  idea  which  the  Proprietary  in  later  years,  shrewdly 
adopted  and  emphasized. 

"  The  Redman  and  the  Swede  lived  in  harmony  and 
perfect  amity.  The  white  man  taught  to  the  Indian  his 
latter  day  arts  and  perchance,  some  of  his  imperfections 
and  frailties.    The  Redman  taught  to  the  Swede  his  lore 


24 

of  the  forest  primeval  and  drilled  him  in  the  conquest  of 

the  woods  and  river  stream. 

"We  know  that  the  Swede  used  his  foot  as  a  weight 
in  trading  with  the  Indians  for  their  peltry,  but  the  Redman 
was  not  slow  to  learn  and  quickly  sent  forward  the  tallest 
bra v^  to  act  as  yard-stick  when  the  Swedes  were  paying 
for  furs  or  land  with  gaudy  calico. 

"  This  fact  I  would  particularly  impress ;  that  the 
Swedes  in  1654  entered  into  a  treaty  with  the  Indians  at 
Tinicum,  of  which  it  is  recorded  that  it  'has  ever  been 
faithfully  observed  on  both  sides.'  This  treaty  was  made 
twenty-eight  years  before  the  oft  questioned  meeting  of 
Penn  with  the  aborigines,  said  to  have  taken  place  under  the 
great  elm  at  Shackamaxon;  an  incident  so  noted  whether 
it  be  fact  or  myth,  as  to  call  forth  Voltaire's  often  quoted 
expression  that  *  It  was  the  only  treaty  which  has  not  been 
sworn  to,  and  which  has  not  been  broken.' 

"  And  it  would  be  as  well  to  recall  the  fact  that  it  was 
the  brush  of  the  Quaker  artist  West,  born  at  Swarthmore, 
within  four  miles  of  where  we  are  now  assembled,  that 
has  so  largely  contributed  to  the  prominent  place  held  by 
Penn's  treaty  with  the  Indians,  in  the  history  of  this  Com- 
monwealth, of  this  country  and  in  the  annals  of  the  world. 

"  We  first  learn  of  Chester  in  1644,  then  called  Upland, 
as  a  tobacco  plantation,  land  afterwards  granted  by  the 
Swedish  authorities  to  Joran  Kyn. 

"  It  may  be  noted  that  in  the  same  year — 1644 — was 
born  William  Penn,  a  peculiar  association  of  incidents, 
worthy  at  least  of  passing  attention. 

"  The  land  on  which  the  building  stands  in  which  we 
are  now  gathered  was  included  in  that  Swedish  grant  to 
George  Keen,  for  that  is  the  English  name  of  our  foremost 
early  settler. 

"  I  learn  that  among  those  with  us  this  afternoon  are 
quite  a  number  of  the  direct  descendants  of  George  Keen, 
and  I  desire  particularly  to  extend  to  those  gentlemen  a 
hearty  welcome  to  this  city,  the  site  of  which  two  hundred 
and  sixty  years  ago  was  in  the  undisputed  ownership 
of  their  ancestor,  the  first  permanent  settler  of  Chester. 

"  The  tide  of  life  ran  evenly  and  slow  in  the  colony 
and  the  years  rolled  on  till  1682,  the  year  that  marked 


'  ,'  h  ' 


DAUGHTERS  OF  THE 
AMERICAN   REVOLUTION 

MARKS  THIS  HOUSE 

AS  THE  PLACE  WHERE  WASHINGTON 

WROTE  AT  MIDNIGHT.  THE  ONLY  REPORT 

OF  THE  BATTLE  OF  BRANDYWINE 

SEPT. 11,1777 

HERE  Washington  also  received  the 

CONGRATULATIONS  OF  THE  PEOPLE  OF 

CHESTER  UPON  HIS  ELECTION  AS  THE 

FIRST  PRESIDENT  OF  THL  UNITED  STATES 

APPM    20    i:89. 


Tablet  on  the  Washington  House 


25 

the  coming  of  William  Penn,  for  it  was  in  that  year  that 
our  Quaker  Proprietary  first  placed  foot  in  his  territory  and 
gave  to  the  Province  his  name,  and  to  the  Nation  of  the 
future  the  Keystone  State  of  Pennsylvania. 

"  Chester  claims  the  honor  and  distinction  of  contain- 
ing the  spot  of  ground  where  William  Penn  first  landed  in 
this  State.  There  has  been  much  discussion  as  to  the 
accuracy  of  the  spot  designated  and  some  criticism  of  the 
style  of  marker  erected. 

"These  are  the  facts:  On  November  8,  1850,  the 
corrected  date  from  the  Julian  to  the  Gregorian  calendar, 
the  Historical  Society  of  Pennsylvania  visited  Chester,  in 
celebration  of  the  one  hundred  and  sixty-eighth  anniver- 
sary of  Penn's  landing  in  this  town,  then  a  borough,  and 
after  the  literary  exercises  which  were  held  in  the  old 
Methodist  Church  on  Fifth  Street,  now  a  cigar  factory, 
were  concluded,  the  assemblage  in  a  body  visited  the  site 
where  Penn  first  trod  the  earth  of  the  Province,  which 
then  and  now  bears  his  name. 

"  The  places  where  the  ancient  trees  had  stood,  under 
which  the  Proprietary  landed  were  still  visible,  the  last 
of  the  old  pines  had  been  up-rooted  in  a  violent  gale  in 
October,  1846.  A  survey  was  then  made  and  as  portions 
of  the  stumps  of  the  five  trees,  to  one  of  which  the  boat 
which  bore  William  Penn  from  the  *  Welcome  '  to  the  shore 
was  made  fast,  were  still  discernible,  it  can  be  accepted  as 
a  well  ascertained  fact  that  the  marker,  which  was  erected 
in  1882,  thirty-two  years  later,  during  the  Bi-Centennial 
observances,  stands  within  at  least  twenty  feet  of  the  pre- 
cise spot  where  the  landing  took  place  two  hundred  and 
thirty  years  ago. 

"As  to  the  marker :  It  was  not  intended  as  an  ela- 
borate monument  nor  designed  as  a  work  of  highest  art. 
The  idea  as  to  the  form  of  the  memorial  stone  was  that  of 
John  Struthers,  whom  it  will  be  remembered,  supplied 
and  superintended  the  placing  of  the  stone  work  that  en- 
tered into  the  City  Hall  of  Philadelphia,  who  suggested 
that  the  marker  should  be  in  the  form  of  a  mile  stone,  as 
symbolizing  an  epoch  in  the  history  of  the  Nation,  just  as 
the  old  mile  stones  represented  a  measured  distance  on  the 
surface  of  the  earth. 


2,6 

"  I  am  informed  that  since  the  locating  of  this  stone 
in  Chester  the  idea  has  been  adopted  in  many  of  the  coun- 
tries of  Europe  and  that  on  the  Island  of  Runny mede, 
where  the  great  Magna  Charta  was  signed  by  King  John, 
a  stone  of  like  shape  now  marks  the  spot  forever  associated 
with  the  story  of  human  freedom. 

"  So  passed  the  years.  For  the  first  forty  odd  years 
Chester  was  the  stage  upon  which  was  enacted  almost  the 
entire  history  of  the  Province;  and  while  the  fears  that 
Penn  and  his  advisers  entertained  that  it  was  possible 
that  the  claim  of  Lord  Baltimore  to  its  ownership  might 
be  maintained,  led  him  to  select  Philadelphia  for  his  **  Green 
Country  Town,"  Chester  as  a  borough  and  city  has  held 
prominent  place  in  the  annals  of  the  Keystone  State.  From 
this  neighborhood  came  John  Morton,  whose  decisive  vote 
gave  Independence  to  the  Colonies  and  as  a  consequence 
birth  to  the  United  States. 

"  From  the  windows  of  this  apartment  we  look  down 
upon  the  street  where  "  Mad  Anthony  "  Wayne  drilled  the 
Continentals  of  this  section  from  raw  levees  into  martial 
form.  Here  Commodore  David  Porter,  one  of  the  conspicu- 
ous heroes  of  the  second  war  with  England  made  his  home 
and  here  was  born  his  son,  Admiral  David  Dixon  Potter,  a 
brilliant  figure  of  the  Civil  War.  Only  a  stone's  throw  from 
here  Admiral  David  Glasgow  Farragut  went  to  school  and 
in  this  town  he  passed  much  of  his  boyhood  days.  Here 
were  born  Rear  Admiral  Frederick  Engle  and  Pierce  Crosby 
and  here  in  Roach's  Shipyard  the  present  Naval  establish- 
ment of  the  United  States  had  its  birth.  Out  of  the  receding 
past  I  have  alluded  to  but  a  few  incidents,  which  we  as  resi- 
dents of  Chester,  and  you,  gentlemen,  as  citizens  of  Penn- 
sylvania, may  well  be  proud. 

*'  To-day  we  welcome  you  to  a  progressive  city  of  almost 
fifty  thousand  souls,  a  hive  of  industry  and  toil,  not  content 
to  live  only  in  the  past — ^but  striving  for  moral,  industrial 
and  municipal  betterment. 

"  Rich  in  our  history,  proud  of  our  progress,  loyal  to  our 
people  and  to  our  glorious  Commonwealth,  Chester  to-day 
extends  to  you,  gentlemen,  a  generous  and  cordial  welcome." 
(Applause.) 


27 

PRESIDENT  PAGE:— 

"  Gentlemen  of  the  Colonial  Societies :  After  having 
been  admitted  to  the  gates  of  Chester  in  the  charming 
manner  in  which  the  Mayor  extended  the  welcome  of  the 
town  to  us,  let  us  now  look  beyond  those  gates,  and 
throw  our  minds  back,  not  so  far  as  two  hundred  and 
thirty  years  ago,  but  one  hundred  and  thirty  years 
ago,  or  thereabout,  and  think  of  the  great  men  of  that 
time,  to  whom  we,  as  descendants  of  some  of  them,  and  as 
those  who  have  profited  by  their  sufferings  and  by  their 
work,  should  look  back  with  veneration  and  the  greatest 
regard;  but  that  veneration  and  regard  is  a  matter  simply 
of  lip  service,  if  we  do  not  lay  their  examples  to  our  hearts 
and  endeavor  to  lead  a  little  of  the  altruistic  lives  led  by 
those  men  who  camped  not  far  from  here  during  that  ter- 
rible winter  at  Valley  Forge.  Among  those  men  who  did 
and  suffered  so  much,  there  was  one  man,  who  dared  and 
did  so  much  that  he  was  thought  really  to  be  beyond  the 
control  of  reason;  and  that  man,  forgetting  himself,  for- 
getting even  his  surroundings  at  times,  pressed  on  to  any 
risk,  any  danger,  to  any  chance  of  suffering,  to  achieve  and 
to  accomplish  the  design  which  he  had  in  hand,  in  the 
furtherance  of  the  great  plans  which  the  General  in  com- 
mand of  the  army  at  Valley  Forge  had  conceived  and 
eventually  carried  to  such  a  successful  completion  and 
fruition ;  "  Mad  Anthony  Wayne  "  had  reason  in  his  mad- 
ness, and  in  the  toast  which  comes  next,  he  is  presented 
to  our  contemplation  as  "  Soldier  and  Citizen."  Some  men 
in  the  discharge  of  one  duty  sometimes  forget  the  other, 
and  there  are  men  who  would  carry  into  their  citizenship 
some  of  the  ideas  perhaps  which  they  may  have  imbibed 
while  filling  the  role  of  soldiers.  The  swords  of  Anthony 
Wayne  and  of  those  who  fought  with  him,  wrote  into  the 
hearts  of  their  countrymen  with  the  blood  of  their  owners' 
'regard  for  law.'  And,  in  the  discharge  of  their  duty  as 
citizens,  they  obeyed  the  law;  not  the  law  founded  on  t^  e 
will  of  one  man,  but  the  law  founded  upon  the  consent  of 
a  multitude  of  men,  all  equal  before  the  law,  but  formed  in 
such  a  way  that  the  power  of  the  majority  shall  never  be 
exercised  to  the  injury  of  the  rights  of  the  minority. 
(Applause)  Never  can  that  principle  be  preserved  should 


28 

there  be  any  successful  effort  made  at  any  time  by  any 
men,  under  any  call,  by  God  or  Devil,  to  override  the  written 
law  of  the  land  and  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States 
established  by  the  labor  and  the  blood  of  men  like  Anthony 
Wayne — established  I  pray  as  the  everlasting  law  of  these 
States,  Us  object  being  the  control  and  limitation  of 
the  powers  of  Government  in  the  land;  for  there  can 
be  no  slavery  greater  than  an  unlimited  exercise  of  the 
powers  of  government,  even  if  ostensibly  and  ostentatiously 
for  the  good  people,  who  should  learn  rather  to  govern 
themselves,  if  we  are  to  remain  a  free  people. 

"  You  who  have  paid  any  attention  to  history  know 
something  of  the  efforts  of  our  ancestors  and  forebears, 
throughout  all  the  ages,  of  the  record,  to  limit  and  control 
the  powers  of  government.  We  want  no  extension  of  the 
powers  of  government;  the  fewer  laws  we  have,  the 
better;  the  more  restricted  the  powers  of  government,  the 
safer  the  rights  of  the  governed. 

"  Gentlemen,  I  have  the  honor  to  present  to  you  Mr. 
Garnett  Pendleton,  who  will  talk  to  us  of  *  Anthony  Wayne, 
Soldier  and  Citizen.* " 

GARNETT  PENDLETON'S  ADDRESS. 

Mr.  President,  Gentlemen  of  the  Colonial  Society  of 
Pennsylvania  and  Gentlemen  of  the  Swedish  Colonial  So- 
ciety: It  is  eminently  fitting  that  organizations  whose 
prime  object  is  the  collection  of  data  concerning  the  early 
history  of  Pennsylvania  should  meet  within  the  limits  of 
the  old  town  and  County  of  Chester;  within  the  walls  of 
the  ancient  hostelry  that  so  often  sheltered  majestic  Wash- 
ington and  chivalrous  Lafayette,  and  in  plain  view  of  a  town 
hall  replete  with  civic  associations  and  redolent  of  martial 
memories,  eight  years  the  senior  of  that  historic  edifice 
whence  issued  the  declaration  and  the  prophecy  of  American 
independence. 

"  We  are  engaged  in  the  manifold  activities  of  modern 
life,  and  enjoy  the  privileges  of  a  high  and  complex  civiliza- 
tion. But  are  not  unmindful  of  the  rock  whence  we  were 
hewn.  We  realize  that  the  present,  with  its  wondrous 
achievements  and  its  magnificent  possibilities,  is  the  child 
of  a  vigorous,  an  energetic  and  a  glorious  past. 


29 

*'  We  honor  and  revere  our  ancestors  and  their  con- 
temporaries. They  were  men  of  resolute  heart,  iron  nerve 
and  stern  determination.  We  owe  them  a  debt  forever 
insoluble.  They  braved  the  terrors  and  the  perils  of  the 
trackless  wilderness  that  for  us  that  wilderness  might  bud 
and  blossom  as  the  rose.  They  battled  with  and  expelled 
the  ruthless  savage,  that  we  here  might  have  peace  and 
safety.  They  broke  the  rod  of  the  oppressor  that  we  might 
bask  in  the  sunlight  of  liberty. 

"  The  proper  study  of  mankind  is  man.  The  history 
of  the  human  race  is  an  absorbing  topic.  American  history 
— the  recital  of  our  development  from  colony  to  Common- 
wealth, from  a  group  of  communities  lying  along  a  narrow' 
seaboard  into  a  compact  and  powerful  and  continent-wide 
Republic,  is  a  theme  of  ever-engrossing  interest. 

"  The  soldier  is  the  great  hero  of  secular  history.  His 
courage,  his  apparent  indifference  to  danger  and  death,  the 
battle  array,  the  impetus  of  the  charge;  the  pomp  and 
glorious  circumstance  of  war  elicit  the  enthusiastic  admira- 
tion of  him  who  sees  and  of  him  who  reads.  The  soldier 
looms  large  in  the  annals  of  mankind.  Peace  is  the  offspring 
of  war;  and  liberty,  the  outcome  of  struggle;  civilization 
rears  her  marts  and  her  palaces  on  the  conquered  domain 
of  barbarism. 

"  Too  much  of  the  work  of  the  soldier  has  been  in 
furtherance  of  the  personal  ambition  of  the  general.  We 
admire  the  transcendent  military  genius  of  Napoleon;  but 
realize  that  in  his  quest  of  glory  and  self  aggrandizement 
he  prostituted  his  great  gift  to  the  subjugation  and 
oppression  of  his  fellowman,  and  in  his  pursuit  of  world- 
wide dominion  drenched  the  earth  in  blood. 

"To  us  as  philanthropists  and  as  patriots  is  offered 
another  and  a  fairer  picture.  For  the  character  of  Wash- 
ington we  cherish  filial  reverence  and  rejoice  in  the  achieve- 
ments of  a  soldier  who  fought  for  the  liberation,  and  not 
for  the  enslavement  of  his  kind. 

"  To  your  consideration  to-day  is  presented  another 
herald  of  freedom — a  man,  great  in  his  willingness  to  serve 
in  a  subordinate  position,  and  great  in  his  ability  to  fill  with 
distinction  the  highest  station  of  danger  and  responsibility, 
and   by   his    strong   personality,    ardent   patriotism    and 


30  • 

courageous  example,  to  lead  armies  to  battle  and  to  victory. 

"We  offer  him  as  a  splendid  type  of  American — the 
soldier-citizen,  versed  alike  in  the  arts  of  war  and  of  peace. 
We  feel  pardonable  pride  in  the  fact  that  this  soldier-citizen 
was  a  native  of  the  County  of  Chester,  of  which  our  own 
County  originally  was  a  part. 

"Anthony  Wayne  was  born  in  Easttown  Township, 
January  1,  1745.  He  died  at  Presquisle,  Erie,  December  15, 
1796.  The  intervening  period  between  birth  and  death 
covered  one  of  the  most  momentous  eras  in  the  history 
of  mankind.  Its  opening  found  us  a  group  of  dependent 
colonies.    Its  close  left  us  a  nation  of  free  people. 

"Wayne  was  born  a  subject,  and  died  a  citizen.  In 
the  great  drama  that  marked  the  transition  from  colony 
to  Commonwealth,  this  son  of  Pennsylvania,  as  an  actor 
stood  very  near  the  bright  center  of  the  stage. 

"  Anthony  Wayne  was  a  soldier  by  heredity,  by  natural 
bent,  and  by  reason  of  environment.  His  grandfather  led 
a  regiment  of  dragoons  and  fought  under  William,  of 
Orange,  in  the  Battle  of  the  Boyne.  His  father  repeatedly 
joined  in  expeditions  against  the  Indians. 

"Wayne,  in  his  early  school  life,  was  more  distin- 
guished as  a  leader  in  sports  of  a  military  character  than 
by  devotion  to  his  books.  This  is  not  strange.  He  was 
reared  in  an  atmosphere  of  strife.  It  was  a  time  of  wars 
and  rumors  of  war.  As  he  emerged  from  infancy  his  mind 
must  have  been  filled  and  his  imagination  fired  by  stories 
of  the  French  and  Indian  struggle.  Children  breathe  the 
spirit  of  their  sires.  The  child  is  father  to  the  man;  the 
pastime  of  youth  not  seldom  merges  into  the  lifework  of 
maturity. 

"  For  a  time,  however,  it  seemed  as  if  such  was  not  to 
prove  the  case  with  our  hero.  As  he  approached  manhood 
he  grew  more  studious,  entered  the  Philadelphia  Academy, 
an  institution  afterward  developed  into  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  devoted  himself  to  the  science  of  mathe- 
matics. He  adopted  the  calling  of  surveyor,  in  which  art 
he  became  so  proficient  as  to  attract  the  friendly  interest 
of  Dr.  Franklin,  through  whose  influence  he,  not  yet  of 
legal  age,  was  sent  to  Nova  Scotia  to  ascertain  the  natural 
advantages  of  that  Province  and  to  act  as  agent  for  a  pro- 


31 

ject  of  colonization.  A  satisfactory  report  of  his  investiga- 
tions was  followed  by  a  grant  to  his  company  of  some  two 
hundred  thousand  acres  of  land.  Lots  were  laid  out  and 
sold,  a  town  plotted  and  a  colony  planted.  He  remained  in 
charge  of  the  settlement  till  1767.  Further  development 
of  the  enterprise  was  arrested  by  the  increasingly  strained 
relations  between  the  Mother  Country  and  her  American 
dependencies. 

**  Apparently  drawing  still  further  away  from  his  des- 
tined life-work,  he  returned  to  his  farm  and  tannery  at 
Waynesborough,  where  he  pursued  the  arts  of  peace  until 
summoned  to  the  military  activities  of  the  Revolution. 
Meanwhile  his  fellow  citizens  honored  him  by  election  to 
various  county  offices. 

**  As  the  great  crisis  grew  more  imminent,  men  of  in- 
fluence gravitated  to  the  control  of  affairs  as  inevitably  as 
water  seeks  its  level.  As  we  to-day  look  upon  the  animated 
face  and  martial  figure  of  the  man,  so  well  portrayed  by 
the  heroic  equestrian  statue  at  Valley  Forge;  as  we  think 
of  his  winning  personality,  his  grace  of  manner,  his  force- 
fulness  of  speech,  the  depth  and  positiveness  of  his 
convictions  and  his  uncalculating  patriotism,  we  do  not 
wonder  that  his  neighbors  heaped  political  favors  upon  him 
and  that  his  soldiers  gladly  followed  him,  even  to  the  deadly 
breach — all  reckless  of  the  truth  that  too  often,  paths  of 
glory  lead  but  to  the  grave. 

"  My  theme  is  Anthony  Wayne,  soldier  and  citizen. 
My  aim  was  to  sever  the  two  and  treat  them  separately. 
But  the  aim  has  proved  futile.  Logically  and  chronologic- 
ally the  two  are  inseparably  interwoven.  The  soldier  is 
the  citizen,  the  citizen  is  the  soldier,  and  the  two  are  merged 
in  the  patriot. 

"  Take  an  inventory  of  the  man's  activities  in  those 
throbbing  and  eventful  years  of  1774-1775,  and  we  see  as 
opposed  to  oppressive  measures  the  policy  of  resistance, 
constitutional,  if  adequate,  by  force  of  arms,  if  necessary. 
Chairman  of  the  committee  proposing  resolutions  condemn- 
ing the  course  of  the  ministry ;  chairman  of  the  committee 
to  carry  out  recommendations  of  the  assembly  in  reference 
to  a  military  organization;  and  non-importation  agree- 
ment; member  of  the  provincial  convention  to  encourage 


32 

domestic  manufactures,  in  anticipation  of  non-importation 
of  English  goods ;  author  of  the  proposition  that  the  free- 
men of  the  county  should  be  organized  for  military- 
purposes;  member  of  the  committee  of  safety;  member 
of  the  committee  of  correspondence;  member  of  the  legis- 
lature. These  employments  by  no  means  exhausted  the 
energies  %f  this  man,  destined  for  a  yet  more  active  field 
of  operations.  Prior  to  the  clash  of  arms  he  was  of  those 
who  hoped  and  worked  for  a  peaceful  solution  of  the  burning 
questions  that  agitated  the  mother  country  and  her  Colonies. 
Even  at  that  early  date,  as  one  of  his  biographers  has 
shrewdly  phrased  it,  he  believed  in  conducting  negotiations 
with  sword  in  hand.  Closely  observing  the  progress  of 
events,  he  soon  became  convinced  that  the  controversy  could 
only  be  settled  by  the  arbitrament  of  battle.  Prescient  of 
the  coming  struggle,  he  devoted  himself  to  the  study  of 
military  tactics,  his  principal  text  books  being  Marshal 
Saxe's  Campaigns  and  Caesar's  Commentaries  on  the  Gallic 
Wars. 

"Possessing  all  the  ardor  of  a  patriot,  coupled  with 
an  inborn  courage  and  capacity  for  heroism,  he  yet  realized 
that  raw  recruits,  led  by  inexperienced  officers,  however 
ardent  their  patriotism,  however  elevated  their  heroism, 
must  fight  an  unequal  battle  with  veteran  soldiers  com- 
manded by  generals  expert  in  all  the  arts  of  war.  Com- 
bining in  person  and  bearing  all  the  elements  of  popularity, 
he  found  no  difficulty  in  attracting  large  numbers  of  young 
men  to  his  frequent  drills.  Into  the  minds  of  those  young 
men  he  instilled  the  principles  and  the  technicalities  of  mil- 
itary science.  The  news  of  Lexington  and  Bunker  Hill 
intensified  patriotic  fervor  and  the  drilling  and  military 
instruction  became  more  assiduous  and  practical. 

"  In  the  exercise  of  a  patriotic  imagination  let  us  revert 
to  those  epochal  days  of  the  summer  of  1775,  when  history 
was  in  the  making;  when  in  front  of,  within  and  around 
the  old  Town  Hall,  were  marshalled  the  yeomanry  of 
Chester  County ;  when  the  fife  and  drum,  the  tread  of  armed 
men  awoke  the  echoes  in  old  Market  street,  and  excited  to 
new  enthusiasm  the  aspirations  of  a  liberty-loving  people. 
The  central  figure,  the  dominant  spirit  of  the  animated 
scene  is  Anthony  Wayne — of  handsome  face,  flashing  eyes, 


33 

noble  physique — a  man  born  to  command;  every  inch  a 
soldier.  We  can  understand  something  of  his  mastery  over 
men;  something  of  his  genius  in  the  art  and  science  of 
military  evolutions,  when  we  know  that  in  a  few  weeks  of 
training  and  instruction,  he  developed  those  volunteers  into 
a  body  of  soldiers,  soon,  on  many  a  bloody  field,  to  prove 
equal  to  the  dread  exigencies  of  war. 

"Wayne  was  a  strict  disciplinarian.  He  brooked  no 
insubordination.  When,  later  in  his  career,  he  encountered 
the  problem  of  disaffection  and  desertion,  he  met  it  with 
characteristic  energy  and  meted  out  swift  and  condign 
punishment  to  all  offenders.  He  believed  firmly  in  the 
inspiring  influence  of  well-appointed  accoutrements,  and  of 
neatness  in  apparel  and  appearance.  There  is  such  a  thing 
as  the  psychology  of  dress.  Some  wit  has  declared  that  the 
consciousness  of  being  the  most  handsomely  gowned  woman 
at  a  social  function  will  afford  more  solid  comfort  to  the 
average  woman  than  the  assurance  of  her  salvation. 

"  It  is  related  of  Dr.  Joseph  Parker,  the  great  London 
preacher  of  a  past  generation,  that  he  kept  in  his  vestry 
a  special  suit  of  clothes  and  always  donned  this  before 
entering  the  pulpit.  His  theory  was  that  in  a  very  true 
sense,  clothes  make  the  man,  and  that  the  public  speaker 
enjoys  the  freest  mental  activity  and  power  and  is  most 
effective  and  most  impressive  when  suitably  attired. 

"  Wayne  shared  this  feeling,  and  in  a  letter  to  Washing- 
ton set  forth  his  views  on  the  subject  and  his  preference  for 
the  bayonet  as  a  weapon  of  warfare.  He  writes  thus :  *  I 
have  an  insuperable  bias  in  favor  of  an  elegant  uniform  and 
soldierly  appearance.  So  much  so  that  I  would  rather  risk 
my  life  and  reputation  at  the  head  of  the  same  men,  in 
an  attack,  clothed  and  appointed  as  I  could  wish,  merely 
with  bayonets  and  a  single  charge  of  ammunition,  than 
to  take  them  as  they  appear  in  common,  with  sixty  rounds 
of  cartridges.' 

"  Upon  the  eve  of  battle  it  was  his  order  that  his  men 
be  washed,  shaved  and  with  hair  cut.  Sometimes  the  close 
shave  came  in  the  midst  of  the  conflict,  but  this  did  not 
affect  the  principle. 

"  The  men  drilled  at  Chester  in  1775  were  soon  to  figure 
in  history  as  the  Fourth  Pennsylvania  Battalion.    On  Janu- 


34 

ary  3,  1776,  the  Committee  of  Safety  unanimously  elected 
Wayne  colonel  of  this  body.  This  was  the  opening  of  his 
distinctively  military  career — a  career  with  some  inter- 
missions coexistent  with  his  remaining  life;  and  covering 
operations  extending  from  Canada  to  Georgia  and  from 
Ticonderoga  to  the  great  territory  northwest  of  the  Ohio 
River. 

"tn  an  after-dinner  speech  it  is  not  expected  that  we 
shall  enter  into  details  of  a  story  to  which  historians  have 
devoted  hundreds  of  pages.  We  can  do  little  more  than  refer 
to  salient  points  in  the  character  and  achievments  of  a 
soldier  declared  to  have  been  the  most  picturesque  figure  of 
the  Revolution. 

"  The  Fourth  Pennsylvania  Regiment  was  not  long  to 
remain  inactive.  In  the  early  Summer  of  1776  it,  with 
other  regiments,  was  ordered  to  Canada  to  reinforce  the 
army  that  had  suffered  defeat  before  Quebec.  The  battle 
of  Three  Rivers  was  fought  on  June  7.  The  attack  was 
made  by  some  fifteen  hundred  American  troops,  who 
thought  to  surprise  a  British  force  estimated  at  four 
hundred.  It  was,  however,  a  surprise  to  the  assailant., 
as  they  encountered  three  thousand  men  under  Burgoyne. 
The  fighting  was  desperate,  resulting  in  an  American  d'ietvt. 
Wayne  received  the  first  of  many  wounds,  but  he,  with  other 
oflficers,  rallied  their  men,  checked  the  advance  of  the  enemy 
and  saved  the  army  in  Canada.  His  superior  officers  having 
been  captured  and  incapacitated  by  wounds,  the  command 
devolved  upon  Wayne,  who  warded  oflf  the  attacks  of  the 
pursuing  British  and  led  his  troops  in  safety  to  Ticonderoga. 

"  The  nerve  and  poise  that  remained  unbroken  by 
defeat,  and  that  enabled  the  young  officer  successfully  to 
conduct  a  dignified  retreat  in  the  most  trying  circumstances 
attracted  the  favorable  notice  of  General  Schuyler,  who,  in 
November  of  1776,  placed  Wayne  in  command  of  the  fort 
at  Ticonderoga.  Here  he  remained  until  April  of  1777, 
when  having  been  commissioned  a  brigadier-general,  he 
joined  Washington  at  Morristown  and  took  command  of  the 
Pennsylvania  line. 

"  It  was  a  critical  time  in  our  history.  The  English 
ministry  had  adopted  a  policy  the  successful  execution  of 
which  might  have  meant  the  collapse  of  the  Revolution. 


35 

This  was  the  proposed  junction  at  Albany  of  the  armies 
of  Howe  and  Burgoyne.  The  plan  involved  the  control  of 
New  York  and  the  Hudson  River,  thus  bisecting  the  colonies 
with  a  line  of  fleets  and  military  posts  extending  from  the 
St.  Lawrence  to  the  Chesapeake.  Howe's  army  was  in  New 
Jersey  near  New  York.  Washington  was  at  Morristown. 
Howe's  manifest  course  was  northward.  But  his  eyes 
looked  longingly  at  the  capital.  His  idea  was  to  dash  across 
New  Jersey,  seize  Philadelphia,  then  return  to  New  York, 
meet  Burgoyne  and  crush  the  Revolution. 

"  Washington's  aim  was  to  prevent  the  union  of  the 
British  forces  and  if  possible,  protect  the  capital  city.  He 
was  on  high  ground,  whence  he  could  watch  the  movements 
of  the  enemy.  To  harass  that  enemy,  in  which  ever 
direction  he  might  proceed,  it  was  necessary  to  have  at 
hand  a  body  of  well  disciplined  troops,  in  command  of  an  of- 
ficer alert,  resourceful,  intelligent  and  able  to  move  his  men 
at  a  moment's  notice  and  with  celerity.  The  Commander-in- 
Chief  did  not  hesitate  in  his  choice.  This  difficult,  delicate 
and  perilous  task  he  assigned  to  General  Wayne  and  the 
Pennyslvania  line.  It  was  a  campaign  of  successful  stra- 
tegy. The  menacing  attitude  of  Washington,  at  each  sign 
of  activity  on  the  part  of  Howe  at  last  convinced  that 
general  that  rushing  across  New  Jersey  would  prove  a 
hazardous  enterprise.  Hence  he  embarked  at  Sandy  Hook 
and  put  out  to  sea.  Washington  divined  his  purpose,  the 
reaching  of  Philadelphia  through  the  Chesapeake,  and  sent 
Wayne  to  Chester  county  to  organize  the  militia. 

"  Howe  reached  Elkton  early  in  September  and  on  the 
eleventh  of  that  month  the  battle  of  the  Brandywine  was 
fought.  Through  misinformation  as  to  the  movements  of 
the  enemy,  the  American  cause  was  betrayed  and  our  army 
defeated.  But  Wayne  rendered  signal  service  to  his 
country  by  repelling  the  advance  of  Knyphausen,  and  by 
checking  the  pursuit  of  the  main  army,  covered  the  retreat 
of  the  Americans,  who  retired  to  Crum  Lynne,  near  Chester. 

"  At  Chadd's  Ford  the  British  were  twenty-five  miles 
from  Philadelphia,  yet  were  unable  to  enter  that  city  until 
after  fourteen  days  of  almost  constant  skirmishing. 

"  In  great  measure,  influenced  by  the  advice  of  General 
Wayne,  three  weeks  after  the  American  reverse  at  Brandy- 


36 

wine,  Tieneral  Washington  electrified  the  world  by  that 
brilliant  and  audacious  attack  on  the  British  at  German- 
town,  an  attack  which  but  for  an  unforeseen  accident  of 
war,  would  have  annihilated  the  English  army  and  brought 
the  Revolution  to  a  speedy  and  successful  close. 

"  Brandy  wine  and  Germantown  are  chronicled  in  his- 
tory as  American  defeats,  yet  they  were  factors  in  the 
masterly  strategy  that  held  Howe  in  Pennsylvania;  that 
thwarted  the  scheme  of  the  English  ministry  and  brought 
disaster  and  defeat  to  Burgoyne  at  Saratoga. 

"  The  two  most  brilliant  achievements  in  the  military 
career  of  General  Wayne  were  the  victories  at  Monmouth 
and  Stony  Point.  In  point  of  time  these  engagements  were 
a  year  apart.  But  they  so  well  illustrate  the  differing 
qualities  that  go  to  make  up  the  consummate  soldier,  that 
they  may  properly  be  considered  in  conjunction. 

"  At  Monmouth  the  cowardice  and  treachery  of  Charles 
Lee  had  thrown  the  American  army  into  confusion.  What 
should  have  been  easy  victory  was  turned  into  disgraceful 
retreat.  Washington  arrived  at  the  psychological  moment; 
halted  the  fleeing  men  and  ordered  Wayne  to  check  the 
pursuit  until  new  lines  of  defense  and  attack  could  be 
formed. 

"  Two  assaults  were  successfully  repulsed.  Then  came 
that  awful  test  of  nerve  and  courage — the  bayonet  charge 
at  double  quick.  The  flower  of  English  soldiery,  the  Guards 
and  Grenadiers,  par  excellence  the  fiercest  warriors  of  the 
world,  thundered  across  the  plain  with  the  ardor  and  fury 
of  relentless  fate.  It  seemed  a  resistless  force;  yet  that 
force  quailed  and  wavered  and  flew  into  fragments  before 
the  moveless  mass.  A  murderous  fire  mowed  down  those 
serried  columns  as  the  scythe  cuts  the  ripened  grain.  When 
the  conflict  was  over  fifteen  hundred  British  lay  dead  or 
wounded  on  the  field.  Redcoat  and  Continental  had  met 
in  mortal  combat  and  victory  smiled  on  the  patriot.  Wayne 
wrote  joyfully  to  his  wife :  '  Pennsylvania  showed  the 
road  to  victory.'  We  may  pardon  his  exultant  letter  to 
Mr.  Richard  Peters :  *  Tell  the  Philadelphia  ladies  that  the 
heavenly  sweet,  pretty  Redcoats,  the  accomplished  gen- 
tlemen of  the  Guards  and  Grenadiers  have  humbled  them- 
selves on  the  plains  of  Monmouth.' 


"  stony  Point  presented  an  entirely  different  military 
problem.  It  is  one  thing,  in  the  fervor  and  excitement  of 
battle,  to  withstand  and  repulse  and  defeat  an  oncoming 
foe.  It  is  quite  another  thing,  in  the  dead  and  darkness 
of  midnight,  to  advance  noiselessly  across  a  morass,  realiz- 
ing that  the  faintest  sound  will  arouse  the  pickets  and 
precipitate  a  galling  and  fatal  fire  from  vessels  of  war; 
that  escaping  this,  the  assailants  must  pass  two  lines  of 
abattis,  bristling  with  cannon,  and  after  this  must  enter 
a  presumably  impenetrable  stronghold,  garrisoned  by  vali- 
ant soldiers  under  a  capable  officer.  Not  all  of  the  course 
was  to  be  pursued  in  silence,  for,  simultaneously  with  the 
bayonet  charge,  a  warm  fire  of  musketry  was  to  be  opened 
on  the  center,  so  as  to  secure  the  attention  of  the  enemy. 
This,  while  a  wise  stratagem  of  war,  greatly  increased  the 
peril  of  the  attacking  party. 

"Wayne,  who  had  full  charge  of  the  movement,  was 
keenly  conscious  of  the  situation.  He  had  little  hope  of 
surviving  the  onset.  In  a  pathetic,  hastily  written  letter  to 
his  friend  Delany  he  said :  *  This  will  not  meet  your  eye 
until  the  writer  is  no  more.  I  know  that  friendship  will 
induce  you  to  attend  to  the  education  of  my  little  son  and 
daughter.  I  fear  that  their  mother  will  not  survive  this 
shock.'  This  is  not  the  language  of  the  reckless  daredevil, 
seeking  danger  for  danger's  sake.  It  is  the  sublime  utter- 
ance of  a  patriot,  calmly  counting  the  cost  and  placing 
country  above  wife  and  children. 

"  The  time  for  action  came.  He  met  his  problem  and 
gloriously  solved  it.  The  world  applauded,  and  history  has 
crystallized  the  achievement. 

"  Wayne  had  good  cause  to  look  kindly  upon  the  bay- 
onet as  an  implement  of  warfare.  In  the  hands  of  the 
British  at  Monmouth  it  was  ineffective.  In  the  hands  of 
the  Americans  at  Stony  Point  it  scaled  the  heights  and 
seized  the  fortress. 

"  Over  five  hundred  prisoners  were  taken,  but  not  one 
unresisting  man  was  put  to  death.  When  we  recall  the 
Massacre  of  Paoli  and  the  outrages  in  Connecticut  and 
Virginia,  such  clemency  in  an  age  when  a  captured  garrison 
expected  and  received  no  quarter,  will  ever  redound  to  the 


38 

honor  of  him  who  never  more  must  be  called  *  Mad '  An- 
thony.* 

"  The  surrender  of  Cornwallis  at  Yorktown  occurred 
October  19,  1781.  Grandly  significant  as  was  this  event,  it 
did  not  mark  the  actual  cessation  of  hostilities.  To  Wayne 
was  assigned  the  task  of  dislodging  the  British  in  Georgia 
and  South  Carolina.  So  effectually  did  he  accomplish  his 
mission  that  by  December,  1782,  the  enemy  had  evacuated 
Savannah  and  Charleston,  and  with  their  departure  came 
rest  and  peace  to  the  Southern  colonies. 

"  After  ten  years  of  private  life,  in  the  course  of  which 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Council  of  Censors  and  also  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Pennsylvania  Convention  assembled  to  ratify 
the  Constitution,  he  was  once  more  summoned  to  military 
service. 

"  The  Indians  in  the  territory  west  of  the  Ohio  River, 
instigated  by  the  British  in  the  garrisons  on  the  lakes, 
were  inflicting  fiendish  cruelties  upon  our  frontier  settlers. 
Fifteen  hundred  of  these  had  been  massacred  in  seven  years. 
The  aim  of  the  British  and  Indians  was  to  make  the  Ohio 
the  permanent  boundary  of  the  United  States.  To  prevent 
a  recurrence  of  these  atrocities ;  to  defeat  this  aim,  was  the 
two-fold  purpose  and  policy  of  our  government.  President 
Washington  placed  this  burden  on  the  shoulders  of  his  old 
friend  and  companion  in  arms.  He  commissioned  Wayne 
Major-General  in  command  of  the  army  of  the  United 
States.  The  veteran  patriot  accepted  the  trust  and  under- 
took the  arduous  task.  Details  are  needless.  The  result 
is  known  to  history.  The  murdered  settlers  were  avenged. 
Savagery  was  crushed.  The  British  posts  at  Detroit,  Os- 
wego and  Niagara  were  abandoned.  More  significant  than 
all  was  the  consecration  of  that  '  magnificent  national  do- 
main of  the  West '  to  the  purposes  and  employments  of 
civilized  life.  We  offer  heartfelt  response  to  the  noble 
sentiment  of  Dr.  Stille :  '  The  millions  of  freemen  who 
now  occupy  the  energetic  and  vigorous  Commonwealths 
lying  between  the  Ohio  and  the  Mississippi  should  cherish 
the  memory  of  Wayne  as  that  of  the  man  who  by  his  sword 
made  it  possible  for  white  men  to  live  in  peace  and  security 
in  that  garden  spot  of  the  world.* 

"  This   achievement,   brilliant   in   execution   and   far- 


reaching  in  effect,  was  the  last  and  crowning  service  of 
this  apostle  of  freedom. 

"  General  Wayne  died  at  Presquisle,  Erie,  December 
15,  1796.  His  remains  were  removed  to  St.  David's  Church, 
Radnor,  where  they  rest  under  a  monument,  on  whose 
south  front  is  this  inscription : 

"  *  In  honor  of  the  distinguished  military  services  of 
Major-General  Anthony  Wayne,  and  as  a  tribute  of  respect 
to  his  memory,  this  stone  was  erected  by  his  companions 
in  arms,  The  Pennsylvania  State  Society  of  The  Cincinnati, 
July  4,  A.  D.  1809,  Thirty-fourth  anniversary  of  the  Inde- 
pendence of  the  United  States,  an  event  which  constitutes 
the  most  appropriate  eulogium  of  an  American  soldier  and 
patriot."     (Applause.) 

Mr.  Edward  Stalker  Sayers :  "  Mr.  President,  I  move 
that  the  thanks  of  the  Colonial  Society  of  Pennsylvania 
and  that  of  the  Swedish  Colonial  Society  be  tendered  to 
the  gentlemen  of  those  Societies,  residents  of  Chester,  for 
all  that  we  have  enjoyed  this  afternoon,  both  physically 
and  mentally." 

There  was  a  general  seconding  of  the  motion. 

President  Page:  **  It  has  been  moved  and  seconded 
that  the  thanks  of  the  two  Societies  represented  here  to-day 
be  extended  to  the  members  of  these  Societies,  residents 
of  Chester,  for  this  delightful  occasion.  Those  in  favor 
of  the  motion  will  signify  by  saying  aye.  The  motion  is 
carried  unanimously." 

On  motion  adjourned. 


40 


Ololontal  ^omtg  of  pgtma^l&anm 


OFFICERS 

President, 
Hon.   Samuel  Davis  Page, 

First  Vice-President, 
Abraham  Lewis  Smith 

Second  Vice-President, 
Col.   Josiah  Granville  Leach 

Registrar, 
Gregory  Bernard  Keen 

Secretary, 
Henry  Heston  Belknap 

Assistant  Secretary, 
Aubrey  Herbert  Weightman 

Ireasurer, 
Harrold  Edgar  Gillingham 


Councillors : 
Gen.   Louis   Henry  Carpenter,  Ogden  Dungan  Wilkinson, 

William  Brooke  Rawle,  William  Penn-Gaskell  Hall, 

Effingham  Buckley  Morris,  John  Woolf  Jordan, 

Earl  Bill  Putnam,  Hon.  Norris  Stanley  Barratt, 

Charles   Smith   Tumbull,   M.   D.,       William  Supplee  Lloyd, 
Henry  Pemberton,  Jr.,  Clarence  Sweet  Bement, 

Hon.  Charles  Barnsley  McMichael,  Charles  Davis  Clark, 
Stevenson  Hockley  Walsh,  James  Emlen, 

Hon.  Harman  Yerkes,  Henry  Graham  Ashmead. 


41 


MEMBERS 


Charles  Yarnall  Abbott, 

Richard    Jacobs    Allen,    Jr., 

William   Charles  Allen, 

Duffield  Ashmead,  Jr., 

Henry   Graham   Ashmead, 

Charles  Weaver  Bailey, 

Joseph  Trowbridge  Bailey, 

Westcott  Bailey, 

Dr.  George  Fales  Baker, 

George  W.  Banks, 

Paul  Henry  Barnes, 

Norris    Stanley    Barratt    (Life    Mem- 
ber), 

Clarence   Howard  Batten, 

George  Batten, 

Frank  Battles  (Life  Member), 

Henry    Heston    Belknap, 

Maurice  Guy  Belknap, 

Clarence  Sweet  Bement, 

Amos  Bonsall, 

Edward  Home  Bonsall, 

George  Martin  Booth, 

Newell    Charles    Bradley, 

Edward  Tonkin  Bradway   (Life  Mem- 
ber), 

William  Bradway   (Life  Member), 

Clarence  Cresson  Brinton, 

Howard   Futhey   Brinton, 

Francis  Mark  Brooke  (Life  Member), 

Abraham  Bruner, 

John  Edgar  Burnett  Buckenham 
(Life  Member), 

Reuben  Nelson  Buckley, 

Miers  Busch    (Life  Member), 

Edward    Tatnall    Canby, 

Gen.   Louis   Henry   Carpenter, 

Samuel   Castner,   Jr., 

Charles  Davis   Clark, 

John    Browning    Clement, 

Samuel  Mitchell  Clement,  Jr., 

Dr.   James   Harwood   Closson, 

Louis  Ashmead  Clyde, 

Col.    Thomas    Edward    Clyde, 

Major  Joseph  Ridgway  Taylor  Coates, 

Samuel  Poyntz  Cochran, 

Charles    Howard    Colket    (Life    Mem 
ber). 

Porter   Farquharson   Cope, 

Dr.  John  Welsh  Croskey, 

George  Linden  Cutler, 

Dr.  John  C.  Da  Costa,  Jr., 

Walter  Howard  Dilks, 

Murrell  Dobbins, 

Francis  Donaldson  (Life  Member), 


Edwin  Greble  Dreer, 
William    Ashmead   Dyer, 
George  Howard  Earle  (Life  Member), 
Henry  Howard  Ellison, 
James  Emlen  (Life  Member), 
John  Eyerman, 
Frederic  N.  Fell, 
Percy   J.    Fell, 
Thomas  Castor  Foster, 
Stephen  Blakely  Fotterall, 
Howard   Barclay   French, 
Henry  Jonathan  Abbott  Fry, 
Lawrence   Barnard   Fuller, 
Charles   Cyrus  Gelder, 
William  Warren  Gibbs, 
Harrold   Edgar   Gillingham, 
Theodore  Glenthworth, 
Foster   Conarroe   Griffith, 
Lorenzo  Henry  Cardwell  Guerrero, 
William  Penn-Gaskell  Hall, 
Hiram  Hathaway,  Jr., 
Paul   Augustine    Hendry, 
George    Anthony   Heyl, 
•Edward  Stratton  HoUoway, 
Wilford  Lawrence  Hoopes, 
Logan   Howard -Smith, 
Robert  Spurrier  Howard- Smith, 
Edward  Isaiah  Hacker  Howell, 
Henry  Douglas  Hughes, 
Henry  La  Barre  Jayne, 
Charles    Francis    Jenkins    (Life    Mem- 
ber), 
John  Story  Jenks, 
Richmond  Legh  Jones, 
Augustus    Wolle    Jordan, 
Dr.   Ewing   Jordan, 
John  Woolf  Jordan    (Life   Member), 
Rev.    Walter   Jordan, 
Gregory    Bernard    Keen, 
George  de  Benneville  Keim, 
Joseph  Allison  Kneass, 
Thomas   Hoff   Knight, 
Albert  Ludlow  Kramer, 
George  Henry  Lea, 
Col.  Josiah  Granville  Leach, 
-Horace  Hoffman  Lee, 
Dr.  Joseph  Leidy, 
Howard   Thorndike  Leland, 
Lewis   Jones   Levick, 
Davis  Levis  Lewis, 
Ellis  Smyser  Lewis, 
George  Davis   Lewis, 
George  Harrison  Lewis, 
Henry  Norton  Lewis, 


42 

Oborn  Garrett  Levis  Lewia, 

Samuel   BuntiMr   Lewis, 

Jay  Bucknell  fiippincott, 

Walter  Lippincott, 

William  Supplee  Lloyd, 

Charles   Ramsay   Long, 

William  Henry  Lloyd, 

William  MacLean,  Jr., 

Charles  Marshall, 

Samuel  Marshall, 

William  McKinley  Mervine, 

Hon.  Charles  Barnsley  McMichael, 

Ulysses    Mercur, 

Charles  Warren  Merrill, 

Elihu    Spencer    Miller, 

John  Rulon- Miller, 

Caleb  Jones  Milne,  Jr.  (Life  Member), 

Caleb  Jones  Milne,  3d  (Life  Member), 

David  Milne  (Life  Member), 

Effingham  Buckley  Morris  (Life  Mem 

ber), 
Henry  Croskey  Mustin, 
John  Burton  Mustin, 
Samuel  Davis  Page, 
Charles   Palmer, 
Alvin   Mercer  Parker, 
Joseph  Brooks  Bloodgood  Parker, 
Harold   Pierce, 

Henry  Pemberton,  Jr.  (Life  Member), 
Garnett  Pendleton, 
Enos  Eldridge  Pennock, 
Joseph   Eldridge   Pennock, 
Hon.  Samuel  Whitaker  Pennypacker, 
Charles    Penrose    Perkins, 
Anthony  Joseph   Drexel   Peterson, 
Arthur  Peterson,  U.  S.  N., 
Frank   Rodney   Pleasanton, 
Alfred   Potter, 
Thomas  Harris  Powers, 
Earl  Bill  Putnam, 
William   Brooke  Rawle, 
Paul  Rittenhouse, 
Harry  Alden  Richardson, 
Harry  Rogers, 
Wilbur  Fisk  Rose, 


Julius  Friedrich  Sachse  (Honorary 
Member), 

Edward   Stalker   Sayres, 

Frank   Earle   Schermerhorn, 

John   Loeser   Schwartz, 

John  Morris  Scott  (Life  Member), 

Frank  Rodman   Shattuck, 

Herbert  Davis  Shivers, 

Charles  John   Shoemaker, 

John   Henry   Sinex, 

John  Sinnott, 

Abraham  Lewis  Smith, 

Alfred  Percival  Smith  (Life  Member), 

Benjamin  Hayes  Smith, 

William  Elwood   Speakman, 

Warner  Justice  Steel, 

Joseph  Allison  Steinmetz, 

Curwen  Stoddart, 

Joseph   Thompson, 

■Samuel  Swayne  Thompson, 

Hon.  Charlemagne  Tower, 

David  Cooper  Townsend, 

Dr.  Charles  Smith  TurnbuU, 

Ernest  Leigh   Tustin, 

Arthur  Clements  Twitchell, 

Elwood  Tyson, 

Dr.  James  Tyson, 

Theodore  Anthony  Van  Dyke,  Jr. 
(Life    Member), 

Joseph  Bushnell  Vandergrift, 

Dr.  Charles  Harrod  Vinton  (Life  Mem- 
ber), 

Stevenson  Hockey  Walsh, 

Charles  Spittall  Walton, 

Clement  Weaver, 

Aubrey   Herbert  Weightman, 

Eben  Boyd  Weitzel, 

Ashbel   Welch, 

William    Caner    Wiedersheim, 

Ogden  Dungan  Wilkinson, 

Charles   Williams, 

Ellis  D.   Williams, 

William  Currie  Wilson, 

Hon.  William  White  Wiltbank, 

Hon.  Harman  Yerkes  (Life  Member), 


UNi^EBSlTY  OF  CALIFORNIA 
BERKELEY 


LIBRAEY. 


APR  10  Ig22 

m  51923 

iMMKrum 

FEB  2  7 1980 


F£B27'SdB 
JUN19  1961 


20m-ll,'20 


CSC7 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CAIvIFORNIA  I^IBRARY 


